(1) Regular computing; traditional computers; routine operations.
(2) (NORMAL COMPUTING CORP., New York) Founded in 2022 by former Google employees who helped pioneer AI, NORMAL offers hardware and software to meet the future of AI development. Its electronic design automation (EDA) system verifies the integrity of complex chip designs, especially those used for AI. See
EDA.
Stochastic Chips
In 2025, the company launched the first "thermodynamic" computer chip that uses stochastic methods for AI training and scientific processing. NORMAL COMPUTING's CN101 uses the imperfect dynamics of physical systems to achieve a thousand times less energy. Apparently, the company expects this revolutionary type of chip will become "normal." See
stochastic computing.