A device that accepts a low-power signal and outputs a high-power signal that matches the waveform of the input.  Typically operating in the analog domain, amplifiers are available to boost electrical and optical signals.  The heart of an amplifier is a tube or transistor.  See 
stereo amplifier, 
amplifier classes, 
Class D amplifier and 
PWM.
From Low to High Current
Either a tube, widely used in high-end audio, or a transistor turns a low-power input into a high-power output.