(1) The Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence is considered the birthplace of AI. Held at Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire in 1956, it was organized by John McCarthy, Marvin Minsky, Claude Shannon and Nathaniel Rochester. Concepts such as "can a machine generate human-like language?" and "can the brain's neural structure be simulated?" were discussed. McCarthy coined the term AI and was the developer of the LISP programming language (see
LISP). See
AI conferences.
(2) A dialogue between American and Russian representatives, the first of which took place at Dartmouth College in 1961. The purpose was to have an unofficial dialogue betwee the U.S. and Russia during the Cold War. The topics included nuclear arms control and general U.S. and Soviet relations. The meetings continued until 1990 and were then revived in 2014. The last session was in 2015. Different dialogues have taken place since then.